苏塞克斯温彻尔西亚东门（Liber Studiorum，第十四部分，第67页） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	苏塞克斯温彻尔西亚东门（Liber Studiorum，第十四部分，第67页）
品名（英）	East Gate, Winchelsea, Sussex (Liber Studiorum, part XIV, plate 67)
入馆年号	1928年，28.97.67
策展部门	绘画和印刷品（Drawings and Prints）
创作者	Joseph Mallord William Turner【1775 至 1851】【英国人】
创作年份	公元 1819
创作地区
分类	印刷品（Prints）
尺寸	plate: 6 7/8 x 10 1/2 英寸 (17.5 x 26.7 厘米) 页: 7 15/16 x 11 1/2 英寸 (20.2 x 29.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	特纳在1807年至1819年间出版的《研究之书》（拉丁语为Book of Studies）中提炼了他对风景的看法，该书共有70幅版画和一幅正面作品。为了确定构图，他绘制了棕色水彩画，然后在铜板上蚀刻轮廓。专业雕刻师通常在特纳的指导下发展出这种色调，雷诺兹在这里添加了mezzotint来描述绵羊被驱赶穿过中世纪废墟的情景。爱德华一世在苏塞克斯海岸建立了温切尔西亚，作为一个设防的港口，温切尔西亚长期以来与大海分离，并被遗弃。透过拱形大门，这里可以瞥见阳光明媚的沼泽地，左边走近的水手暗示了小镇的历史。风景如画的腐朽和乡村活动使特纳将版画归入他的田园景观类别，用上边缘的"P"表示。
介绍（英）	Turner distilled his ideas about landscape in "Liber Studiorum" (Latin for Book of Studies), a series of seventy prints plus a frontispiece published between 1807 and 1819. To establish the compositions, he made brown watercolor drawings, then etched outlines onto copper plates. Professional engravers usually developed the tone under Turner's direction and Reynolds here added mezzotint to describe sheep being driven through medieval ruins. Established on the Sussex coast by Edward I as a fortified port, Winchelsea had long been separated from the sea, and been abandoned. Sunlit marshland is glimpsed here through the arched gate, with the town's history hinted at by the sailor approaching at left. The picturesque decay and rustic activity led Turner to place the print within his category of Pastoral landscape, indicated by the "P" in the upper margin.