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美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国大都会艺术博物馆中的24万件展品,图片展示以及中文和英文双语介绍(中文翻译仅供参考)
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品名(中)硬币
品名(英)Coin
入馆年号1939年,39.40.127.517
策展部门伊斯兰艺术Islamic Art
创作者
创作年份公元 400 - 公元 1399
创作地区挖掘于: 伊朗, 尼沙布尔(Excavated in: Iran, Nishapur)
分类硬币(Coins)
尺寸
介绍(中)这枚硬币是在尼沙布尔的Tepe Madrasa遗址出土的。

尼沙布尔是伊斯兰早期和中期的重要城市,位于连接伊朗和西亚伊斯兰土地与中亚和中国的主要轨迹之一。这些行程通常被称为"丝绸之路",但实际上对材料和物体以及人和思想的运动至关重要。尼沙布尔及其周边地区的多样化人口,从研究更好的商人精英群体、土地所有者贵族和文学家,到鲜为人知的工匠、农民、矿工和仆人,在适应全球文化趋势以创造自己独特的视觉语言方面发挥了重要作用。这在中世纪尼沙布尔日常生活的物质遗迹中可见一斑——从锅碗瓢盆到照明设备、墨水瓶、纺织品和装饰品、珠宝、游戏和玩具、护身符设备、武器、硬币和建筑碎片。由于一系列地震和入侵,

尼沙布尔失去了其政治地位,这些地震和入侵在十三世纪达到顶峰。今天,中世纪城市是一个巨大的考古区,而相对较小的现代城市位于其北部。相反,马什哈德,一个主要的朝圣地,成为该地区一个主要的繁荣大都市。1935年至1948年间,大都会艺术博物馆的"波斯探险队"根据与伊朗当局的协议在尼沙布尔的几个地点进行了挖掘。回收的文物被两国分成两半,今天大都会博物馆收藏了四千多件物品。

作为尼沙布尔更大的"波斯探险"项目的一部分,美国考古学家和数百名伊朗工人挖掘了一个名为Tepe Madrasa的土丘。在那里,他们发现了一个建筑群,他们暂时将其与宫殿或政府中心联系起来,因为建筑结构的坚固性以及墙壁装饰的范围和种类(包括雕刻和彩绘砖砌,琉璃瓦,壁画,雕刻和彩绘灰泥)。这与陶瓷和金属发现一起,有助于将该遗址归因于九世纪或十世纪以后。一座清真寺在十一世纪后期进行了多次翻新,还出土了一座巨大的入口遗迹,上面有一个带有苏丹头衔的大型兵马俑铭文(39.40.58,.60-64)。还出土了几块十二世纪的墓碑,显示了早期住宅区用途的转变。
介绍(英)This coin was excavated at the site of Tepe Madrasa in Nishapur. 

Nishapur was a vital city in the early and middle Islamic periods, located along one of the main trajectories that connected Iran and West Asia Islamic lands with Central Asia and China. These itineraries are often referred by the term ‘Silk routes’ but were in fact crucial to the movement of constellations of materials and objects, as well as people and ideas. The diverse population of Nishapur and its surroundings, from the better-researched elite groups of merchants, land-owning aristocracy, and literates, to the less-known artisans, farmers, miners, and servants, were instrumental in adapting global cultural trends to create their own distinctive visual languages. This is seen in the material remains of everyday life in medieval Nishapur — from pots and pans to lighting devices, inkwells, textiles and trimmings, jewelry, games and toys, talismanic devices, weapons, coins, and architectural fragments. 

Nishapur lost its political prominence due to a series of earthquakes and invasions that peaked in the thirteenth century. Today, the medieval city is a vast archaeological area, while the relatively small modern city is situated to its north. Instead, Mashhad, a major pilgrimage site, emerged as a major prosperous metropolis in the region. Between 1935 and 1948, the "Persian Expedition" of the Metropolitan Museum of Art excavated at several sites at Nishapur under an agreement with the Iranian authorities. The recovered artifacts were divided in half between the two countries, resulting in over four thousand objects in the Met’s collection today. 

As part of the larger "Persian Expedition" project at Nishapur, American archaeologists and hundreds of Iranian workers excavated a mound named Tepe Madrasa. There, they uncovered an architectural complex which they tentatively associated with a palace or governmental center because of the solidity of the built structures and the extent and variety of wall decorations (including carved and painted brickwork, glazed tiles, wall paintings, and carved and painted stuccoes). This, together with the ceramic and metal finds, aided in attributing the site to the ninth or tenth century onwards. A mosque, refurbished multiple times up to the late eleventh century, was also unearthed, yielding the remains of a monumental entrance with a large terracotta inscription bearing the titles of a sultan (39.40.58, .60–64). Several twelfth century tombstones were also unearthed, showing the shift in purpose of what was earlier a residential area.
  大都会艺术博物馆,英文 Metropolitan Museum of Art,是美国最大的艺术博物馆,世界著名博物馆,位于美国纽约第五大道的82号大街。
  大都会博物馆回顾了人类自身的文明史的发展,与中国北京的故宫、英国伦敦的大英博物馆、法国巴黎的卢浮宫、俄罗斯圣彼得堡的艾尔米塔什博物馆并称为世界五大博物馆。