菜肴：法老军队的毁灭 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	菜肴：法老军队的毁灭
品名（英）	Dish: The Destruction of the Hosts of Pharaoh
入馆年号	1975年，1975.1.1232
策展部门	罗伯特·雷曼典藏系列（Robert Lehman Collection）
创作者	Master IC (probably Jean Court)【1614 至 1627】【法国、利摩日人】
创作年份	公元 1600 - 公元 1635
创作地区
分类	搪瓷（Enamels）
尺寸	20 11/16 x 15 3/4 英寸 (52.5 x 40 厘米)
介绍（中）	这个椭圆形的大盘子代表了《出埃及记》13-15中描述的法老王的毁灭，是法国文艺复兴时期彩绘珐琅的一个极好的例子。"珐琅"一词指的是通过使用类似玻璃的材料来富集金属的技术，与陶瓷上的釉料并无不同。从古代到十四世纪，珐琅生产依赖于在表面应用窄金属条来隔离颜色。经过几十年的实验，在利摩日完善的搪瓷是一种复杂得多的方法。由此产生的图像取决于用支撑金属成功地操纵珐琅颜色 Jean de Court，有时被称为I.C.大师，不仅因其精美的珐琅工艺而备受尊敬，而且作为一名皇室画家。他接替弗朗索瓦·克劳埃成为查理九世（1556-74年在位）的宫廷画家。德考特使用了充满活力的蓝色、绿色和赤褐色色调来详细描述摩西和左边的以色列人逃离法老和他前进的军队的故事。分割图像的扭曲的双卷紫色圆柱暗示了圣经的引证，"一根火柱和云柱矗立在以色列和埃及人之间。"正如故事告诉的那样，上帝干燥了大海，把以色列人带到了安全的地方，于是摩西"把手伸过大海，海水又回到了原来的样子……埃及人逃了进去，耶和华在海中击溃了埃及人。"
介绍（英）	This large oval plate, representing the Destruction of the Hosts of Pharaoh as described in Exodus 13-15, is a superb example of French Renaissance painted enamel. The term "enamel" denotes the technique of enriching metal with the application of glass-like material, not unlike a glaze on ceramics. From antiquity to the fourteenth century, enamel production relied on the application of narrow strips of metal to the surface in order to isolate colors. Painted enamel, perfected in Limoges after decades of experimentation, was a far more complex approach. The resulting image depended on the successful manipulation of the enamel colors with the supporting metal. Jean de Court, sometimes called the Master I.C., was highly esteemed not only for the fine craftsmanship of his enamels, but as a painter to royalty. He succeeded François Clouet as Court painter to Charles IX (reigned 1556-74). De Court uses a vibrant palette of blue, green, and russet hues to detail the narrative of Moses and the Israelites at left, escaping Pharaoh and his advancing army. The twisted double column of coiling purple which divides the image alludes to the biblical citation, "a pillar of fire and cloud standing between Israel and the Egyptians." As the narrative tells, the Lord dried the Sea to bring the Israelites to safe ground, whereupon Moses "stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its wonted flow…and the Egyptians fled into it, and the Lord routed the Egyptians in the midst of the sea."