大键琴 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	大键琴
品名（英）	Harpsichord
入馆年号	1889年，89.4.1678
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者	Jacob Kirkman【1710 至 1792】【英国人】
创作年份	公元 1781
创作地区	大不列颠联合王国, 英格兰, 伦敦（United Kingdom, England, London）
分类	齐瑟拨弦大键琴（Chordophone-Zither-plucked-harpsichord）
尺寸	inst.: 222厘米 x 94厘米 x 32厘米 stand: 154厘米 x 90厘米 x 62厘米
介绍（中）	雅各布·柯克曼（基希曼的英国化形式）是瑞士阿尔萨斯人，他于 1730 年代初移民到英国，并在大键琴制造商赫尔曼·塔贝尔（Hermann Tabel）找到了工作。1738年塔贝尔去世后，柯克曼娶了他的遗孀，并接管了他主人的作坊材料和大键琴库存。雅各后来与他的侄子亚伯拉罕建立了合作关系，亚伯拉罕后来将自己的儿子约瑟夫带入了公司。柯克曼公司是英格兰最优秀、最多产的键盘乐器制造商之一，除了大键琴外，还从 18 世纪后期开始制造钢琴。随着钢琴越来越受欢迎，该公司开始专注于制造较新的乐器，并于1809年制造了最后的羽扇键琴。技术描述：橡木外壳外饰面，桃花心木镶板，周围环绕着十字粒面桃花心木带和轻色穿线，外底为桃花心木; 内部饰面为花纹枫木或梧桐木，深色细线; 钥匙井饰面为胡桃木毛刺，周围有十字纹胡桃木带，有深色和浅色穿线; 实心桃花心木的盖子; 在带担架的四条方腿支架上，木制脚轮;FF， GG-f3， 2x8'， 1x4'，背面 8 ' 的增益挡块;象牙天然与模制梧桐前襟，乌木意外;带前导销的三轨关键帧;梨形千斤顶，带有单旗阻尼器、刚毛弹簧、羽毛笔和订书钉，以限制舌头的后行程;寄存器由四个突出通过 Nameborad 的黄铜旋钮控制，并由一个"机器停止"踏板控制，只要按下，该踏板就会将前 8' 和 4' 寄存器移动到其关闭位置;音板中的铸造金属玫瑰。（劳伦斯·利宾）
介绍（英）	Jacob Kirkman (anglicized form of Kirchmann) was a Swiss Alsatian who immigrated to England in the early 1730s and found employment with the harpsichord maker Hermann Tabel. After Tabel's death in 1738, Kirkman married his widow and took over his master's workshop materials and stock of harpsichords. Jacob later formed a partnership with his nephew Abraham, who later took his own son Joseph into the firm. The Kirkman firm was one of the finest and most prolific makers of keyboard instruments in England and in addition to harpsichords built pianos beginning in the late 18th century. As the piano became more popular the firm began to focus on building the newer instruments and built its last harpsichord in 1809. Technical description: Oak case veneered on the exterior with mahogany panels surrounded by cross-grained mahogany banding and light stringing, with an exterior bottom molding of mahogany; the interior veneered in figured maple or sycamore with dark stringing; the keywell veneered in walnut burl, surrounded by cross-grain walnut banding, with dark and light stringing; lid of solid mahogany; on a stand of four square legs with stretchers, wooden casters; FF, GG-f3, 2x8 ', 1x4', buff stop on the back 8 '; ivory naturals with molded sycamore fronts, ebony accidentals; three-rail keyframe with front guide pins; jacks of pear with single flag dampers, bristle springs, quill plectra, and staples to limit rear travel of tongues; registers controlled by four brass knobs that protrude through the nameborad, and by a "machine stop" pedal that moves the front 8' and the 4' registers to their off position as long as it is depressed; cast metal rose in soundboard. (Laurence Libin)