打印 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	打印
品名（英）	Tār
入馆年号	1889年，89.4.1858
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1800 - 公元 1889
创作地区	阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚或格鲁吉亚（Azerbaijan, Armenia or Georgia）
分类	长笛拨弦琴（Chordophone-Lute-plucked-fretted）
尺寸	整体: 宽 17.8 x 长 90.2厘米 (7 x 35 1/2英寸)
介绍（中）	tār最早出现在设拉子周围，很快在阿富汗和高加索地区被采用，并在那里进行了修改。这些tār的身体上部呈椭圆形，不同于伊朗式的心形。皮腹对玩家的触摸反应非常灵敏，因此用黄铜拨弦时需要高度的技巧。这乐器有六根弦除了像路德这样背部大而拱形、腹部木质、脖子相对较短而未经修饰的木琴外，中东还拥有大量长颈木琴。这些可以通过雕刻或雕刻而成（将木板粘在一起）的撕裂形琴身、琴颈、木腹和从鲁特琴颈延伸的木栓（sāz、tanbār型）来识别，也可以通过包含腰部、二分体、羊皮纸覆盖的腹部和镂空木栓盒的琴身（tār类型）来识别。这些乐器名称与其他文化的乐器名称之间可能存在语言联系；例如，tanbīr和tambārā（印度）；tār和锡塔琴（印度）等。
介绍（英）	The tār first appeared around Shiraz and was quickly adopted in Afghanistan and Caucasia where it was modified. The bodies upper section of these tārs are oval in shape differing from the heart-shaped Iranian style. The skin belly is very responsive to the player’s touch and thus demands a high degree of virtuosity when plucked with a brass plectrum. This instrument has six strings. In addition to lutes like the ūd, with large, vaulted backs, wood bellies, and relatively short, unfretted necks, the Middle East possesses a large number of long necked lutes. These may be identified by carved or carvel-built (strips of wood glued together) tear-shaped bodies, fretted necks, wooden bellies, and pegblocks which extend from the lute's neck (sāz, tanbūr types), or by bodies that incorporate a waist, bipartite, parchment-covered bellies and openwork pegboxes (tār type). Linguistic connections may be made between these instrument names and those from other cultures; for example, tanbūr and tambūrā (India); tār and sitar (India), among others.