箱棺和绳索 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	箱棺和绳索
品名（英）	Box Coffin and Rope
入馆年号	1912年，12.187.54a–c
策展部门	埃及艺术（Egyptian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 2649 - 公元前 2465
创作地区	来自于: 埃及（From: Egypt）
分类
尺寸	长 87 厘米 (34 1/4 英寸); 宽 54 厘米 (21 1/4 英寸); 高 59 厘米 (23 1/4 英寸)
介绍（中）	最早的人体容器是由捆绑的芦苇（而不是编织纤维）或陶器容器制成的大盖篮。不久之后，工匠们开始将短块木材与各种木工技术结合在一起，制作木棺材，使尸体适合旧王国早期常见的收缩位置。这个早期的例子是用柽柳的木材制成的，柽柳是尼罗河谷常见的一种树。侧面、盖子和地板由用榫头固定在一起的窄木板构成。这些被滑入框架中的通道中以形成外壳接头，然后将框架固定在一起。在外表面涂上了大地色调的石膏，以抚平木材中的瑕疵并填充木板之间的空间。棺材的长边用壁龛图案增强，旨在模仿宫殿立面，从而将棺材识别为死者的房子。盖子是拱形的，这是许多外棺材和石棺的传统;这代表了下埃及国家圣地Per Nu的屋顶。随附的绳索可用于将棺材放入坟墓或将盖子固定在盒子上。
介绍（英）	The earliest receptacles for the human body were large lidded baskets made from bound reeds (rather than woven fibers) or pottery containers. Before long, craftsmen began to fit short pieces of lumber together with a variety of carpentry techniques to make wooden coffins to fit the body in the contracted position that was common into the early part of the Old Kingdom. This early example was made from the wood of the tamarisk, a tree common to the Nile Valley. The sides, lid, and floor are constructed of narrow planks held together with tenons. These were slipped into a channel in the frame to form housing joints and the frame was then pegged together. An earth-toned plaster was applied to the exterior surface to smooth over imperfections in the wood and fill the spaces between the planks. The long sides of the coffin are enhanced with a niched pattern meant to imitate a palace facade and thus identify the coffin as the house of the deceased. The lid is vaulted, as became traditional for many outer coffins and sarcophagi; this represents the roof of the per nu, the national shrine of Lower Egypt. The accompanying rope could have been used to lower the coffin into the tomb or to secure the lid to the box.