棺材脚踏板与阿庇斯公牛搬运木乃伊 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	棺材脚踏板与阿庇斯公牛搬运木乃伊
品名（英）	Coffin Footboard with Apis bull carrying mummy
入馆年号	1890年，90.6.86
策展部门	埃及艺术（Egyptian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 750 - 公元前 525
创作地区	来自于: 埃及（From: Egypt）
分类
尺寸	高 21 × 宽 29.4 × Th. 2.4 厘米 (8 1/4 × 11 9/16 × 15/16 英寸)
介绍（中）	这块木板最初是棺材的底部，描绘了神圣的哈皮（希腊语称为Apis）公牛，背着木乃伊。与赛义德节有关，法老在统治20年后恢复了活力，阿皮斯公牛的现世化身被安置在孟菲斯的普塔神庙附近。当一头阿皮斯公牛死亡时，它被精心制作成木乃伊，隆重地埋葬在塞加拉的一座公共坟墓Serapeum。新的Apis是通过其皮毛上非常特殊的标记来选择的从第三中间期中期（约公元前950年）到后来，在底比斯马车和棺材的踏板上经常可以看到阿皮斯公牛的奔跑身影，例如这只背上有一具人类木乃伊的公牛，最常见于第25和26王朝（公元前750年至525年），角间饲养的眼镜蛇（uraeus）强调了其皇家和神圣的性质）被认为会将死者带向西方、坟墓或东方，带向黎明的地平线。无论哪种方式，公牛都是为了护送主人安全地越过死亡和来生之间的边界，从而帮助确保他们永远重生。
介绍（英）	Originally the bottom of a coffin, this wooden board depicts the sacred Hapy (in Greek called Apis) bull, carrying the mummified deceased on its back. Associated with the sed-festival, at which the pharaoh was rejuvenated after 20 years of rule, the earthly incarnation of the Apis bull was housed near the Temple of Ptah at Memphis. When an Apis bull died, it was elaborately mummified and buried with great pomp in the Serapeum, a communal tomb at Saqqara. The new Apis was chosen by very specific markings on its hide. A running figure of the Apis bull is often seen on the footboard of Theban cartonnages and coffins from the mid-Third Intermediate Period (around 950 B.C.) and later, with examples such as this one, with a human mummy on its back, most common in Dynasties 25 and 26 (between 750 and 525 B.C.). The bull, its royal and divine nature emphasized by the rearing cobra (uraeus) between its horns) was believed to carry the deceased either toward the west, into the tomb, or east, toward the dawn horizon. Either way, the bull was meant to escort the owner safely over the border between death and the afterlife, and thus help to ensure their eternal rebirth.