葬礼胸脯 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	葬礼胸脯
品名（英）	Funerary Pectoral
入馆年号	1926年，26.7.983
策展部门	埃及艺术（Egyptian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 1295 - 公元前 664
创作地区	来自于: 埃及（From: Egypt）
分类
尺寸	高 12.3 × 宽 12.6 × 深 1.3 厘米 (4 13/16 × 4 15/16 × 1/2 英寸)
介绍（中）	太平间使用的胸脯通常采用塔柱（通往寺庙的大门）或神龛的形式，就像这座一样。顶部边缘的形状像飞檐，每侧都有一个块状边框。底部是一个包含锯齿线的水平寄存器，表示一条水带。在上面漂浮着一艘纸莎草小船，两名妇女站在船上，举起双臂，表示崇拜和保护。这些人可以被确认为伊西斯和奈弗提斯，是死神奥西里斯的姐妹。在埃及神话中，奥西里斯被嫉妒的哥哥赛斯杀死，然后在他的姐妹们的努力下复活，这些姐妹们经常守护着他的身体。中心的洞本来可以容纳一个"心脏"圣甲虫（例如，请参阅36.32），这是太阳在黎明时采取的一种形式。胸脯的背面强化了这一象征意义：胸脯的主人，阿蒙的浮屠，伊纳的两个雕像，通过铭文被识别为"奥西里斯"（一个幸运的死者）跪下来崇拜失踪的圣甲虫；在场景的顶部是一个有翼的太阳盘，提供太阳能连接。因此，胸脯将太阳神与奥西里斯联系在一起（奥西里斯将在深夜与他会合），象征并确保死者的重生木乃伊顶部和底部的洞可能被用来将胸脯固定在木乃伊的包裹物上，可能在胸部上方。
介绍（英）	Pectorals for mortuary use often took the form of a pylon (the gateway into a temple) or shrine, as this one does. The top edge is shaped like a cornice, with a block border frame on each side. At the bottom is a horizontal register containing zigzag lines, indicating a band of water. Atop this floats a papyrus skiff in which two women stand, their arms upraised in a gesture of both adoration and protection. These can be identified as Isis and Nephthys, sisters of the god of the dead, Osiris. In Egyptian mythology, Osiris was killed by his jealous brother Seth, then resurrected through the efforts of his sisters, who are often seen guarding his body. The hole in the center would have held a "heart" scarab (see for example 36.3.2), which is one form taken by the sun at dawn. The reverse of the pectoral reinforces this symbolism: two figures of the pectoral's owner, the scupltor of Amun, Iuner, identified by inscriptions as an "Osiris" (one of the blessed dead) kneel and adore the missing scarab; at the top of the scene is a winged sun disk, providing solar connections. The pectoral thus links the sun god with Osiris (with whom he would join in the depths of the night), and both symbolizes and ensures the rebirth of the deceased. Holes at the top and the bottom of the piece would have been used to attach the pectoral to the wrappings of the mummy, probably over the chest.