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美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国大都会艺术博物馆中的24万件展品,图片展示以及中文和英文双语介绍(中文翻译仅供参考)
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品名(中)镰刀插入件
品名(英)Sickle Insert
入馆年号1909年,09.180.2071
策展部门埃及艺术Egyptian Art
创作者
创作年份公元前 1186
创作地区来自于: 埃及(From: Egypt)
分类
尺寸长 6.6 × 宽 2.6 × Th. 1.1 厘米, 重 18.7g (2 5/8 × 1 1/16 × 7/16 英寸, 0.66盎司)
介绍(中)这一小块燧石是古埃及农业季节成功的关键因素。谷物是经济的主食,因为每天都要消费由谷物制成的面包和啤酒。它们也构成了永恒食物的基础,作为葬礼祭品。古埃及人使用由燧石和木材制成的镰刀来收割谷物。像这样的燧石碎片被塑造成与许多其他此类插入物一起放入木帽中,并用粘合剂固定。燧石块为切割谷物秸秆提供了锋利的边缘。随着使用,燧石会磨损并形成闪亮的光泽。燧石嵌件可以根据需要重新打磨或更换。

镰刀嵌件可以通过多种方式制成。最早的经过完全双面修饰,后来它们在刀片(狭长的燧石片)上制成。从公元前2千年开始,一些镰刀嵌件是在大薄片上制作的,比如这个。

燧石,而不是铜合金,是埃及用于制造镰刀的主要材料,直到公元前一千年铁变得更加普遍。使用燧石的原因可能是多方面的,包括诸如其丰富性、与铸造金属工具相比易于制造、燧石切割谷物的熟练程度以及制造燧石工具的人和使用它们的人之间的关系等考虑因素。
介绍(英)This small piece of flint was a key element to a successful agricultural season in ancient Egypt. Grain was a staple of the economy, as bread and beer made from grain were consumed daily. They also formed the foundation of eternal sustenance, as funerary offerings. Ancient Egyptians used sickles made from flint and wood to reap grain. Pieces of flint such as this one were shaped to fit into a wooden haft along with a number of other such inserts, and secured with an adhesive. The flint pieces provided a sharp edge to cut the grain stalks. With use, the flint would wear down and develop a shiny gloss. The flint inserts could be re-sharpened or replaced as needed.

Sickle inserts could be made in a variety of ways. The earliest were fully bifacially retouched, then later they were made on blades (long narrow pieces of flint). Starting in the 2nd millennium BC, some sickle inserts were made on large flakes, such as this one.

Flint, rather than copper alloy, was the primary material used to make sickles in Egypt until the first millennium B.C. when iron became more widely available. The reason for using flint was probably multifaceted and included considerations such as its abundance, its ease of manufacture compared to casting metal tools, flint’s proficiency at cutting grain, and the relationships between the people who made flint tools and the people who used them.
  大都会艺术博物馆,英文 Metropolitan Museum of Art,是美国最大的艺术博物馆,世界著名博物馆,位于美国纽约第五大道的82号大街。
  大都会博物馆回顾了人类自身的文明史的发展,与中国北京的故宫、英国伦敦的大英博物馆、法国巴黎的卢浮宫、俄罗斯圣彼得堡的艾尔米塔什博物馆并称为世界五大博物馆。