[开罗穆罕默德·阿里城堡和清真寺] - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	[开罗穆罕默德·阿里城堡和清真寺]
品名（英）	[The Citadel and the Mosque of Mohammed Ali, Cairo]
入馆年号	1973年，1973.594.38
策展部门	摄影（Photographs）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1870 - 公元 1879
创作地区
分类	照片（Photographs）
尺寸	20.2 x 26.8 厘米 (7 15/16 x 10 9/16 英寸)
介绍（中）	这座清真寺只是穆罕默德·卡利（Muhammad cAli）在1805年至1848年奥斯曼帝国苏丹统治下精力充沛的埃及总督开始的众多项目之一。这座清真寺位于开罗的马穆鲁克城堡内，建于14世纪，取代了严重受损的苏丹纳西尔·穆罕默德的宫殿。在形式上，这座建筑与（当时）典型的奥斯曼清真寺如出一辙，有一个大致方形的庭院和祈祷厅，后者由一个大的中央圆顶覆盖，两侧是四个半圆顶。然而，在典型的马穆鲁克风格的宣礼塔中可以找到当地的参考文献。法院西北角的一座塔上有一个法国国王捐赠给埃及的时钟，用来交换现在矗立在巴黎协和广场的方尖碑。它的面积超过5000米，是当时建造的最大的清真寺，这座建筑可以被视为穆罕默德·卡利的一种自我荣耀的姿态，他经常在奥斯曼人的枷锁下感到恼火这张照片来自1885年汇编的一本相册，其中包含费利克斯·邦菲尔斯、J·帕斯卡尔·塞巴和其他匿名艺术家拍摄的照片。这些相册是由游客购买的，他们从他们旅行的国家的专业工作室挑选他们想要的照片；然而，很快，欧洲各地城市的好奇者就可以看到圣地和埃及热门景点的照片。
介绍（英）	This mosque represents just one of the many projects commenced by Muhammad cAli, the energetic governor of Egypt under the Ottoman sultans from 1805 to 1848. The site for the mosque is in the Mamluk citadel of Cairo, developed in the fourteenth century, where it replaced the badly damaged palace of the sultan al-Nasir Muhammad. In form, the building falls in the line of the (by then) canonical Ottoman mosque, with a roughly square courtyard and prayer hall, the latter covered by a large central dome flanked by four semi-domes. Local references can be found, however, in the typically Mamluk-style minarets. A tower on the northwest corner of the court houses a clock donated to the Egyptian state by the French king, given in exchange for the obelisk that now stands in the Place de la Concorde in Paris. With an area of over 5,000 meters, it was the largest mosque built at the time and the building can be seen as a gesture of self-glorification by Muhammad cAli, who often chafed under the yoke of the Ottomans. The photograph comes from an album compiled in 1885 that contains pictures taken by Félix Bonfils, J. Pascal Sébah, and other anonymous artists. Such albums were purchased by tourists, who selected the photographs they wanted from professional studios in the countries they traveled to; soon, however, photographs of popular sites in the Holy Land and Egypt were available to the curious in cities throughout Europe.