短剑（段剑） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	短剑（段剑）
品名（英）	Short Sword (Duan Jian)
入馆年号	1998年，1998.418
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 425 - 公元 25
创作地区	挖掘于: 中国, 新疆（Excavated in: China, Xinjiang）
分类	剑（Swords）
尺寸	长 26 3/8 英寸 (67 厘米); 宽 2 英寸 (5.1 厘米); 重 1 磅 6.5 盎司 (637.9 g)
介绍（中）	从公元前3000年开始，这把剑就同样是一种武器，也是社会地位和权力的象征。公元前一千年，在欧亚大草原游牧民族手中，它与弓一起成为古代世界的主要骑兵武器之一。斯基泰人、月氏人、匈奴人和鲜卑人等群体通过将剑和弓的使用与无与伦比的马术技巧相结合，在欧亚大陆建立了一系列的联邦和王国。对埋葬地点的考古调查已经证实了剑在各种游牧社会中的重要性，它既是一种宝贵的财产，也是等级的象征。虽然埋葬背景使人们有可能将某些类型的剑与特定的游牧民族区分开来，但其他类型的剑，如本例，很难确定。这把剑的制造所需的复杂技术，青铜和钢的结合使用，以及黄金装饰的存在，都表明它起源于一个拥有先进金属加工技能和相对较高物质财富水平的社会。在中国西南部的云南和西北部的宁夏都发现了类似的剑。宁夏的发现还包括许多其他类似先进金属加工的例子，这表明这把剑可能起源于该地区，可能大约在战国晚期。
介绍（英）	From its inception in the third millennium B.C., the sword served equally as a weapon and as a symbol of social status and power. During the first millennium B.C., in the hands of the nomadic peoples of the Eurasian steppes, it became, along with the bow, one of the primary cavalry weapons of the ancient world. Groups such as the Scythians, the Yuezhi, the Xiongnu, and the Xianbei achieved a succession of federations and kingdoms in Eurasia by combining the use of sword and bow with an unparalleled skill in horsemanship. Archaeological investigations of burial sites have established the importance of the sword both as a valued possession and a sign of rank in various nomadic societies. While burial context has made it possible to identify some types of swords with specific nomadic peoples, others, like this example, are difficult to attribute with certainty. The complex techniques required for the manufacture of this sword, the combined use of bronze and steel, and the presence of gold decoration all indicate its origin in a society with advanced metalworking skills and a relatively high level of material wealth. Swords similar to this one have been found in Yunan in southwestern China and in Ningxia in the northwest. The Ningxia finds also include many other examples of similarly advanced metalworking, suggesting that this sword may have originated in that region, perhaps around the time of the late Warring States period.