秘书书柜 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	秘书书柜
品名（英）	Secretary-bookcase
入馆年号	1960年，60.29.1a, b
策展部门	美国之翼（The American Wing）
创作者	Robert Fisher【1824 至 1837】【美国人】
创作年份	公元 1825 - 公元 1835
创作地区	制造于: 美国, 纽约, 纽约（Made in: United States, New York, New York）
分类
尺寸	102 x 55 3/4 x 28 1/8 英寸 (259.1 x 141.6 x 71.4 厘米)
介绍（中）	新古典主义是十九世纪前四十年美国家具的主导风格。与早期以轻盈、精致的形式和几何线条为特征的新古典主义设计不同，这种秘书或写字台与1815年至1845年间新古典主义的后期阶段有关。虽然从定义上讲，所有新古典主义家具都通过使用古代的图案和元素（如棘叶、动物爪足和棕榈）来借鉴过去，但晚期新古典主义的家具以其大胆的形式和通常具有纪念意义而闻名这里有乌木红木，仿黄铜镶嵌的彩绘镀金品，圆形前饰和飞檐上的水果和花朵的自然主义模板，柱头雕刻和镀金的柱子，以及抛光镀金聚宝盆支架下巨大的爪足，所有这些结合在一起，创造了新古典主义晚期美国家具最伟大的表现之一。除了明显的装饰吸引力外，这件作品还具有写字台的实用功能：前饰条向外拉，露出一个书写表面，两侧是墨水隔间，上面的抽屉和架子可以为纸张、信件和书籍提供存储空间。虽然这位秘书之前被认为是纽约橱柜制造商Joseph Meeks and Sons的功劳，但最近发现的罗伯特·菲舍尔（Robert Fishcer，1824-1837）设计非常相似的签名秘书书柜让人对这一说法产生了怀疑
介绍（英）	Neoclassicism was the dominant style in American furniture for the first four decades of the nineteenth century. In contrast to the earlier Neoclassical designs characterized by light, delicate forms and geometric lines, this secretary, or writing desk, is associated with the later phase of Neoclassicism between 1815 and 1845. While by definition all Neoclassical furniture draws upon the past through the use of motifs and elements from antiquity such as acanthus leaves, animal-paw feet, and palmettes, late Neoclassical furniture is distinguished by its bold forms and often monumental character. Here the ebonized mahogany, the painted and gilded fretwork in imitation of brass inlay, the naturalistic stenciling of fruits and flowers on the rounded front molding and cornice, the columns with carved and gilded capitals, and the massive paw feet below burnish-gilded cornucopia brackets, all combine to create one of the greatest expressions of American furniture in the late Neoclassical style. Aside from its obvious decorative appeal, this piece served a practical function as a writing desk: the front molding pulls out to reveal a writing surface flanked by compartments for ink, and the drawers and shelves above would have provided storage space for papers, letters, and books. While this secretary had previously been attributed to the New York cabinetmakers Joseph Meeks and Sons, the recent discovery of a signed secretary-bookcase of very similar design by Robert Fishcer (1824-1837) casts doubt upon this certain attribution