墙牌 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	墙牌
品名（英）	Wall plaque
入馆年号	1957年，57.66.1
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 1340 - 公元前 1300
创作地区
分类
尺寸	14 3/4 × 14 3/4 × 9 3/16 英寸 (37.5 × 37.5 × 23.4 厘米)
介绍（中）	这块上釉的陶瓷牌匾是方形的，有三条凸起的线条，角落里有扇形。该中心由一个中心刻有伊兰楔形文字铭文的钉子占据，上面写着"Untash Napirisha"，约公元前1340-1300年在位的伊兰国王的名字它是在现代伊朗阿瓦兹以北约50英里的Choga Zambil发掘的。该遗址由Untash Napirisha建立，是伊兰王国的新首都，拥有古代世界上保存最完好的神塔之一。那里至少供奉着25位不同的神，尽管这座城市在Untash Napirisha去世时还没有完工，但它一直是一个宗教中心，直到公元前1000年左右。考古学家在该遗址发现了数百块类似的牌匾，表明它们在那里发挥了重要作用这些斑块的确切功能仍不确定。它们很可能是美索不达米亚和伊朗早期传统的翻版，可以追溯到公元前3000年，即供奉还愿牌匾，这些牌匾实际上是用木桩固定在寺庙墙上的。然而，在这些后来的版本中，钉子已经成为牌匾本身不可分割的一部分。这些钉子可能是用来悬挂某种附件的，比如挂毯或其他壁挂。
介绍（英）	This glazed ceramic plaque is square, with a triple border of raised lines and scalloped in the corners. The center is dominated by a peg with an Elamite cuneiform inscription in the center reading ‘Untash-Napirisha,’ the name of an Elamite king who reigned ca. 1340-1300 B.C. It was excavated at Choga Zanbil, about 50 miles north of modern Ahvaz, Iran. Established by Untash-Napirisha as a new capital of the Elamite kingdom, the site boasts one of the best-preserved ziggurats in the ancient world. At least twenty-five different gods were worshipped there, and although the city was not completed by the time of Untash-Napirisha’s death, it continued to serve as a religious center until ca. 1000 B.C. Hundreds of similar plaques were discovered by archaeologists at the site, suggesting that they played a prominent role there. The exact function of these plaques remains uncertain. It is likely that they are an iteration of an earlier tradition in Mesopotamia and Iran, dating to the third millennium B.C., of dedicating votive plaques, which were literally affixed to temple walls with wooden pegs. In these later versions, however, the peg has become an integral part of the plaque itself. It is possible that the pegs were used to suspend some kind of attachment, such as a tapestry or other wall hanging.