桶形器官 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	桶形器官
品名（英）	Barrel Organ
入馆年号	1972年，1972.166
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1790 - 公元 1810
创作地区	美国, 纽约, 东汉密尔顿（United States, New York, East Hamilton）
分类	自动航空电话（Aerophone-Automatic）
尺寸	Barrel organ: 87厘米 x 52厘米 x 65厘米 Barrels: 88.5厘米 x 34.5厘米 x 20厘米
介绍（中）	管风琴不是由管风琴师演奏的键盘，而是一种机械乐器，其音符编码在木桶或圆柱体中的金属销排列中。该仪器由一个人转动手摇曲柄激活，手摇曲柄既为提供空气的波纹管提供动力，又旋转与通过特定管道输送空气的机构接合的气缸。这些曲调代表了大约 1800 年英国和美国舞蹈、爱国歌曲、赞美诗曲调和流行音乐的典型曲目。技术描述：矩形樱桃木和缎木贴面表壳，镶嵌在前面板上显示经典门户; 盖子向上铰接以露出机构; 左侧的门允许枪管滑出; 几层不同的花卉设计彩色纸盖内部外壳侧面和储液罐顶部; 盖子锁在前面，门上方有钥匙孔; 四个黄铜止动旋钮（缺少两个）操作止动杆延伸到前面板，底部，通过移位销上的槽口选择16首曲调，右侧安装闩锁;带有木柄的弯曲曲柄突出在前部右上方附近;在内部，曲柄转动组合蜗杆和曲轴，蜗杆在圆柱形黄铜销木桶上啮合正齿轮，而曲轴操作安装在储液罐下方的两个双折进料器;喂食器和水库覆盖着棕色皮革;17 个贴纸销打开风箱中 3 排木管下方的阀门（最低管斜接，管道主要用锡调谐翻板打开，但最低管停止），其他 6 根管子水平设置在枪管前面的风箱中，并通过按下外壳内左前角附近的 6 个按钮来操作（其中四个管子是开放式木头，两个是单打芦苇，甘蔗芦苇用线搭在葱上）;指南针两个八度全音阶，D-D，加上上部C#;标有字母名称和数字的管道;安装在机箱右侧盒子中的滑动面板上的手写标签上显示的曲调标题。
介绍（英）	Instead of having a keyboard played by an organist, a barrel organ is a mechanical instrument that has the musical notes encoded in an arrangement of metal pins in a wooden barrel or cylinder. This instrument is activated by a person turning a hand crank, which both powers the bellows that provides air, and also rotates the cylinder that engages the mechanism that sends the air through specific pipes. The tunes represent a typical repertoire of English and American dances, patriotic songs, hymn tunes and popular music of the period ca. 1800. Technical description: Rectangular cherry and satinwood veneered case with inlay showing a classical portal on the front panel; lid hinges up to reveal mechanism; door on left side allows barrel to slide out; several different layers of floral design colored paper cover interior case sides and reservoir top; lid locks to front, with keyhole above portal; four brass stop knobs (two missing) operate stop levers extending through front panel, bottom, and 16 tunes are selected by engaging notches on shift pin with a latch mounted on right side; curved crank with wood handle protrudes near upper right side of front; within, the crank turns a combination worm and crank shaft, the worm engaging a spur gear on a cylindrical, brass-pinned wood barrel, while crank shaft operates two double fold feeders mounted below a reservoir; feeders and reservoir covered with brown leather; 17 sticker pins open valves in windchest below 3 ranks of wood pipes (lowest pipes mitered, pipes mainly open with tin tuning flaps, but lowest pipes stopped), and six other pipes are set horizontally into a windchest in front of the barrel and are operated by pressing 6 buttons near the front left corner inside the case (four of these pipes are open wood, two are single beating reed with cane reeds lapped with thread onto shallots); compass two octaves diatonic, D-D, plus upper C#; pipes marked with letter names and numbers; titles of tunes shown on handwritten label on sliding panel mounted in a box at right side within case.