耆那教adhaidvipa宇宙图 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	耆那教adhaidvipa宇宙图
品名（英）	Jain cosmological map of adhaidvipa
入馆年号	2016年，2016.499.3
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1800 - 公元 2000
创作地区
分类	印刷品（Prints）
尺寸	19 3/4 × 15 3/4 英寸 (50.2 × 40 厘米)
介绍（中）	Adhaidvipa是根据耆那教的宇宙学地图。它的中心是詹布维帕大陆，以梅鲁山为轴线。这是中世界（madhyaloka），是耆那教宇宙学中唯一可以诞生人的领域，因此耆那教信徒可以遵循历史救世主，jinas（觉醒者）或tirtankaras（福特穿越者）的道路获得启蒙。Jambudvipa周围首先是盐海（Lavanasamudra），其次是环形大陆Dhatakikhandadvipa。周围是第二个水体，黑水海洋（Kalodadhi），这里栖息着鱼类。最后，还有普斯卡拉德维帕第三大陆的内半部，其外缘与锯齿状环接壤，标志着山脉，人类无法超越该山脉。在这个中间世界之外，在四个角落，是供奉着吉纳斯的寺庙，两侧是手持飞拂的庆祝者和献花环的天侍者。根据Phyllis Granoff博士（耶鲁大学）的说法，上部漩涡装饰只是将主题确定为Adhaidvipa，而众多的书面段落用于描述各种陆地和山脉。这幅对阿达伊德维帕的印刷描绘是基于早期的布画（patas）。
介绍（英）	Adhaidvipa is the cosmological map of the universe according to the Jain religion. At its center lies the continent of Jambudvipa, with Mount Meru at its axis. This is the middle world (madhyaloka), the only realm in the Jain cosmology where men can be born, and consequently where Jain devotees can attain enlightenment, following the path of the historical saviors, the jinas (awakened ones) or tirtankaras (ford crossers). Surrounding Jambudvipa is first the Salt Ocean (Lavanasamudra), followed by the ring-shaped continent Dhatakikhandadvipa. Surrounding this is a second water body, the Black Water Ocean (Kalodadhi), populated here with fish. Finally, there is the inner half of the third continent of Puskaradvipa, which is bordered on its outer edge with a serrated ring marking the mountain range beyond which men cannot go. Outside this middle world, in the four corners, are temples enshrining Jinas, flanked by celebrants holding flywhisks and celestial attendants offering garlands. According to Dr. Phyllis Granoff (Yale University), the upper cartouche simply identifies the subject as Adhaidvipa, and the numerous written passages serve to describe the various landmasses and mountain ranges. This printed depiction of Adhaidvipa is based on earlier cloth paintings (patas).